Photosynthesis Vs Photovoltaic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Photosynthesis Vs Photovoltaic - Essay Example Plant cell converts sunlight into chemical energy by the photosynthesis process and solar cell converts it directly into electrical energy which is then used by humans. Photosynthesis is a natural process which is automatically carried out in all plants but electricity generation by solar cells is an artificial procedure. Solar cells need to be installed for this purpose and it requires much investment. Therefore, they are much expensive as compared to the plant cell. Another significant difference between both cells is that the bad photosynthetic cell can repair itself whereas there is no such provision in case of solar cells.  Both photosynthesis and photovoltaic energy conversion systems deal with transfer and conversion of heat energy into another form. Thus both systems should show compatibility with the Laws of Thermodynamics. The first law of thermodynamics accounts for the energy conservation of heat systems i.e. energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it only transforms fr om one form to another. According to, â€Å"A change in the internal energy of a closed thermodynamic system is equal to the difference between the heat supplied to the system and the amount of work done by the system on its surroundings†. Both plant and solar cells do not create energy but rather convert one form (solar irradiation) of energy into another. A certain amount of "transformation energy" will be used as the molecules of the "working body" do work on each other when they change from one state to another.

Empress Wu Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Empress Wu - Essay Example Her thirst and quest for power made her do the unthinkable from murdering her own daughter and son. Empress Wu Zhao was born in Wenshui part of the Shanxi Province in 624 A.D. Her father Wu Shihuo was a rich merchant who educated her daughter well. The education the Empress received at a young age was very pivotal for her political shrewdness and prowess (Woo 5). During the time of her birth, China was under the rule of the Tang dynasty which accorded women more freedom compared to the earlier dynasties. The Emperor at the time Tai Tzong had encouraged cultural awareness in which the women were allowed to be economically independent and were well enlightened in the fields of philosophy, social ethics and culture. The power of female sexuality was at that time widely recognized in medieval china; the ladies of the Sui and Early Tang dynasty elite were relatively independent. They could ride horses, henpeck their husbands and they took charge when their men were away for herdsmen or military duty (Will 128). Due to this, Emperor Wu was adequately educated in the disciplines of music , writing, reading, and Chinese classics. By the time she was thirteen years old, Empress Wu not only recognized her womanly beauty, but she also appreciated her intelligence and wit. Due to her intelligence, Empress Wu was soon recruited to the court of Emperor Tai as a concubine and she doubled up as a secretary in the Imperial Study. She obviously took her chance to study more about official documents and politics. The rest is history. Empress Wu held power for more than a century in one guise or another, firstly she ruled as a consort; the favored wife of Emperor Gaozong, then secondly as the ruler behind the throne of her youngest son and finally herself until her death. She ruled with sheer ruthlessness and decisiveness as she stabilized the Tang dynasty when it seemed to be crumbling and

Intensive Lifestyle Modification for CAD Reversal Successfully Reduces Research Paper

Intensive Lifestyle Modification for CAD Reversal Successfully Reduces Circulating Levels of Metabolic Hormones Insulin and Leptin - Research Paper Example of the deaths reported from United States due to Coronary vascular disease is also 30 and this is reported maximum for the age groups above 65 (United States, 2006) Among various pathogenic factors, insulin resistance and visceral obesity are considered most significant. (Duvnjak and Duvnjak, 19- 24) . The observed metabolic abnormalities are due to insulin resistance in muscles and surrounding adipose tissue along with the adverse impact on tissue by compensatory hyperinsulinaemia, which is insulin sensitive (Duvnjak and Duvnjak, 19- 24). In addition, abdominal adiposity is also considered a high risk for cardio vascular diseases (CVD). Also, the increasing obesity is found to decrease adiponectin that has important cardiometabolic actions (Bray et al, 30-40). Significant breakthroughs have also been achieved in understanding the key initiators for coronary artery disease. The initiation and progression of atherosclerosis has been found to be associated with leptin. Studies have also shown that plasma leptin concentration has direct relation to the incidence of coronory artery disease and thus could be used as a risk indicator for the developm ent of the disease (Dubey et al, 124 - 128). . It is clear that the role played by obesity in the cardiometabolic risk is very vital for the development of treatment strategies for the patients with a high risk for cardio vascular diseases (CVD).A critical role played by adipocytokines between insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease has been established. It is also anticipated that effective interventions to improve the functions of endothelial or adipose tissues could significantly reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular events in the obese individuals with metabolic syndrome (Hamdy, 231 - 241). One of the effective ways to treat the people with high cardiovascular risk is through the various lifestyle modifications like restricted calorie intake and increased physical activity (Hamdy, 231-241). The impact of

Subject Specialism Reflection Essay Example for Free

Subject Specialism Reflection Essay I have a degree in Computer Networking and Communication. Since then I have been continually developing my subject knowledge via various mediums. I have been teaching my subject specialism for a number of years, and in that time I have gained tremendous amount of knowledge that has helped me to deliver more confidently to make the teaching and learning experience more enjoyable for me as a tutor and for the learners. The first point to mention here is the teaching observations they have helped me to plan and deliver my sessions according to the national standards. This has enabled me to demonstrate my knowledge of the subject area. I also attended one day course on Usability and accessibility on 7th February 2007 at The McDonald St Paul Hotel. The part that interested more was to learn and understand about the various challenges disable people face when using websites. Details of course in appendix. †¢ Disability Discrimination Act and legal obligations †¢ Overview of disabilities and assistive technologies †¢ Overview of standards and guidelines †¢ How to incorporate accessibility into an organisation †¢ Benefits of accessible websites This led me to investigate this issues further. The following website was quite useful: http://www.tiresias.org/ , it provides lots of guidance on how ICT can be made accessible for specialist use. I need to learn more regarding latest software and advance courses. I also need to deliver to more advance level of learners. An opportunity has arisen for me to develop my skills to do this. I shall be attending an advanced Excel course in a couple of weeks time organised Crown Enterprise and Training. I feel that in some areas of ICT I already have the requisite skills so it is important that I deliver higher end IT courses which would be more in line with my level of knowledge and skills. Otherwise my experience will only be of teaching at lower level of IT courses and very little experience of teaching higher level and that will not help my long term plans of teaching higher-level courses. I was actually a member of the British Computer Society, http://www.bcs.org/ , for a period of time, though this is no longer the case I do however continue to access their website regularly to update my knowledge on the latest developments in the computer industry as it relates particularly to using technology for learning and for professional development. I have developed myself academically and professionally through the first year of the PGCE course. I need to build on this foundation in the second year and extend both my pedagogic and professional skills. One of the key components that should help to do this would be the ICT module taught on the course. From the content of the module I look forward to learning how to design a web page. This should enhance my capacity in delivering my specialist subject area of IT by exploring the idea of using a web page to deliver part of my course/courses. I shall explore various websites for developing web pages and undertake any training that might become available. I also intend to develop my knowledge about learning to use Apple Mac in the first instance and then hopefully to apply this knowledge in order to teach Graphic Design. This is quite a challenging target and I would need to tap into all the available resources to achieve this. I need to identify some interactive websites and online learning materials that would allow me to enhance my professional and pedagogical capacities further. The important lesson for me to learn is as suggested by Hughes and Kennewell (2007, p.100) is to approach ICT so that â€Å" what becomes increasingly important is not so much what you know about a topic, but your willingness to learn new skills, to be open to advice and not to hide your ignorance of relevant knowledge. Regular reading of educational, professional and hobby literature in ICT will be important throughout your teaching careers, as well as attending local, regional and national conferences.† References British Computer Society, 2008. Professional Development. [online] (updated 5 May 2008) Available at: http://www.bcs.org/ [accessed 6 May 2008] Hughes Tiresias, 2008- Making ICT accessible for blind and partially sighted. [online](updated 10 May 2008) Available at: http://www.tiresias.org/ [accessed 11 May 2008]

Hitlers leadership strategies

Hitlers leadership strategies Actually in many ways he was a good leader. He was able to get a whole country to back him up in a just cause or what he passed off as a just cause. He was also a wonderful speaker he had powerful words, he understood the power of words and used that to his advantage. Not saying Hitler was a good guy, but he did have great leadership skills. He also has some very good ideas such as the eugenics notion of breeding out genetically inherent diseases in the species an excellent idea, however his methods to go about doing that were very, very wrong. He had some good ideas the way of going about them made them wrong and evil to now where no one will willingly sit down and discuss weaknesses of the genes in our species and even dare to suggest that we should use our knowledge of genetics to carefully guide our future reproduction to make our species stronger. When these things are suggested people imagine the horrors of WWII and the Supermen of blond haired, blue eyed whites. He was a strong leader who had a few good causes to go after, such as the terrible injustice that post WWI Germany went through and the economic situations that not only Germany but the whole world were going through at the start of his leadership. He was able to break a few of the barriers the German People had internationally without war, he also turned the German economy completely around. Hitler BEFORE WWII was considered by many in and outside of Germany to be a great man for the job of Leader. He was hailed by many early on as being a good man. It wasnt until the breakout of war and the questionable steps leading up to the war that he lost favor in the eyes of the world. And it wasnt until the end of WWII that his real horror show was revealed to the world and we came to know the man for his true colors. Hitler was a Good leader, a master of manipulating the masses; alongside his Propaganda Minister, Josef Goebbels, this enabled him to influence and control many who would otherwise never have become Nazis. This is why he remained in power for twelve years, nine of them remarkably successful. This is what separates them from him; he created National Socialism and, in the early days, was driven by a rabid anti-Semitism. This was later dampened for, even in the early Thirties, such racism was unsavory to many Germans. Arguments must take into account the huge economic and social recovery undergone during the 1930s; hit harder than many by the Great Depression Weimar Germany was collapsing and it was under the Third Reich that it recoveredunemployment went to ZERO, national pride increased, and Germany was accepted again as a respected European power. Say what you like but under the Fuhrer many would argue, and have even now, that this appeared to herald a golden age for Germany. Thus the regime, Hitler, did do alot of good at the beginning. Many would say the regime was simply fortunate to have attributed to it the natural emergence from economic slump; Hitler actually did very little well for the nation it could be argued. Either way, in terms of the man himself; Hitlerà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s anti-Semitism developed during his time as a tramp on the streets of Vienna where he saw prosperous Jewish business men better off than he was; if was from this that he developed his conspiracy theories and hatred. Of course, anti-Semitism was common at the time and Hitlerà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s theories were therefore not considered evil at the time in themselves. However, as is widely known all we revolted by the revelations of the Allied advance in 1945 wherein the Extermination camps of the SS were uncovered. It is worth noting that it was Himmler, Hedrick and others who in fact created the final solution at the Wansee conference during WWII, Hitler was not at the meeting. It depends very much as to how you view the power structure within Nazi Germany as how far you think Hitler controlled this solution. i direct you to Ian Kershaw if you wish to know more. Hitler was terrifying, not mad, but so embedded within his own neuroses that he came to be what is called Evil. He felt betrayed and was thus embittered by Armistice of 1918 and subsequent crippling Treaty of Versailles; the creation and advancement of the Nazi Party was as much a fault of the allies as anyone else. He played on the militarism and nationalism within the Prussian elite and population as a whole and this created the spell he had over them. By 1945 Hitler was so caught up in his own propaganda myths that he believed himself to be infallible and invincible; you need only look at his handling of the Battle of Stalingrad to prove this. Upon realizing his mistake, he shot himself after taking poison If he wouldà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ve used his leadership skills for the good he wouldà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ve been a really good leader. Hitler was well spoken, very charismatic and had a way to get others to follow his visions and beliefs. just sucks he used it for the dark side How his quest for the perfect Arian race included a really specific work out regime for the youth of Germany which is perhaps the reason that Germany excelled in the Olympics during and shortly after hitters reign I have one more thing to add, I watched a documentary on Hitler and his speeches were so motivating and entertaining that Jewish people would actually go to his speeches because they were so popular it was like the thing to do and a few admitted to actually have been moved by him. The way he delivered his speech really grasped everyone in the crowd Adolf Hitler was born on April 20, 1889 in Braunau, Austria, a small town across the Inn River from Germany. Soon after Hitlers birth, his father, Alois Hitler, moved the family to Linz, Austria. Hitler attended school in Linz and at first was a good student, but in high school he was a very poor student. Hitlers academic abilities angered his father because his father hoped that Hitler would study to become a government worker as he had been. Hitler, however, wanted to become an artist. In 1907, Hitler went to Vienna Austria. In an attempt to fulfill his dream of becoming an artist. This attempt ended when he failed the entrance exam to the Academy of Fine Arts. When Hitlers mother died in 1907, he decided to remain in Vienna. He took the entrance exam a year later and failed again. He did not have steady work in Vienna, but, instead, took a variety of odd jobs. He lived in cheap rooming houses or slept on park benches and he often had to get meals from charity kitchens. During his time in Vienna Hitler learned to hate non-Germans. Hitler was a German-speaking Austrian and considered himself German. He ridiculed the Austrian government for recognizing eight languages as official and believed that no government could last if it treated ethnic groups equally. In 1913, Hitler went to Munich, Germany and when World War I began in 1914, he volunteered for service in the German army. Hitler was twice decorated for bravery, but only rose to the rank of corporal. When World War-I ended. Hitler was in a hospital recovering from temporary blindness possibly caused by a poison gas attack. The Versailles Treaty that ended the war stripped Germany of much of its territory, forced the country to disarm, and ordered Germany to pay huge reparations. When the army returned to Germany. The country was in despair. The country was bankrupt and millions of people were unemployed. In 1920, Hitler joined the National Socialist German Workers Party known as the Nazis. The Nazis called for all Germans, even those in other countries, to unite into one nation; they called for a strong central government; and they called for the cancellation of the Versailles Treaty. Hitler became leader of the Nazi party and built up membership quickly, mostly because of his powerful speaking ability. Hitler organized an army for the Nazi party called the Storm Troopers (Brown Shirts) who were called upon to fight groups seeking to disband the Nazi rallies. On November 9, 1923, Hitler led more than 2,000 Storm Troopers on a march to seize the Bavarian government. The attempt failed and Hitler was arrested and sentenced to prison for five years for treason. While in prison, Hitler wrote Mein Kampf (My Struggle). In this book. he stated his beliefs and plans for Germanys future. Hitler only served nine months in prison and when he was released, he began to rebuild the party again. He set up a private battle-ready elite guard known as the Schutzstaffel (SS). By 1929, the Nazis had become an important minor political party. In 1930, a worldwide depression hit Germany, yet Germany also had the debt of paying for the damage it had caused in World War I. Hitler protested against paying the debt and said that the Jews and Communists were the cause for Germanys defeat in World War I. He promised to rid Germany of Jews and Communists and to reunite the German speaking part of Europe. In July, 1932, the Nazis received about 40% of the vote and became the strongest party in Germany. On January 30,1933, President Paul von Hindenburg appointed Hitler Chancellor of Germany. Once in this position, Hitler moved quickly toward attaining a dictatorship. When von Hindenburg died in 1934, Hitler already had control of Germany and he gave himself the title Fuehrer (leader). Under Hitlers government, called the Third Reich, there was no place for freedom. The government controlled every part of ones life. Hitler used extensive propaganda to brainwash the nation into believing his theory about creating the perfect Aryan or nordic race. Therefore, it was Hitlers plan to rid the nation and eventually the world of Jews, Gypsies, Negroes, handicapped, and mentally ill persons. This plan was called the Final Solution. World War II began in 1939 when Hitler invaded Poland to begin his unification of all German-speaking peoples. By this time extermination camps were being established throughout Germany, Poland, and Russia. Before Hitler was stopped in 1945 by the Allied countries, he had caused the extermination over 12 million people. Hitler committed suicide in his bunker on April 30, 1945 and seven days later, Germany surrendered.

Fighting for Equality and Freedom Essay -- American History Civil Righ

Across all nations and cultures, the enduring pursuit of equality in life seems global and timeless. Some would believe that their own country has achieved a true democracy with no residual inequalities of which to speak, while others know they are at the other end of the spectrum, enduring unjust laws that should not be bestowed on any human. Through the course of history many countries have fought for that democracy and all the equality that it implies. While some believe they have reached that goal, others continue to fight for the most basic human rights, even in this time of enlightenment. The journey each country takes on its road to that place may vary by origination, length, severity and outcome, but the goal seems to be the same. Looking at two such journeys through the writings of Martin Luther King, Jr. in his â€Å"Letter from Birmingham City Jail† and from an excerpt of Aung San Suu Kyi’s In Quest of Democracy, the underlying theme of equality is thoug htfully penned with examples universally recognizable from each of their own perspectives, respectfully acknowledging their own histories, religions, and obstacles to illuminate the path toward that common goal of a just society despite unjust laws. In â€Å"Letter from Birmingham City Jail,† King’s detailed writings demonstrate his understanding of the need to painstakingly explain his position to those controlling the unequal democracy under which he was being detained at that time. Even while writing of the history of his people as slaves, King skillfully avoids coming across as just another complainer, laying out the blunt truth as it was. He calls upon history to show that this never should have been in the first place, referencing the New Testament of the Bible ... ...rom suffering under unjust laws imposed by unfair rulers. Two people at different ages in their lives, different stages in their quests, of different histories and religions, one black, one Asian, one male, one female, with one goal for all. While Suu Kyi may one day be in a position to continue her fight, sadly the world lost King too soon. Their examples, as documented in their writings, of persistence, perseverance, and grounding in what is good and just for all mankind should be followed by all, to be benefited from by all. Works Cited King, Martin Luther, Jr. â€Å"Letter from Birmingham City Jail.† Reading the World: Ideas that Matter. Ed. Michael Austin. New York: Norton, 2007. 173-187. Print. Suu Kyi, Aung San. â€Å"From ‘In Quest of Democracy.’† Reading the World: Ideas that Matter. Ed. Michael Austin New York: Norton, 2007. 191-196. Print.

How and Why does Macbeth Turn from War Hero to Murderer? Essay

The tragedy â€Å"Macbeth† was written by William Shakespeare at the beginning of the seventeenth century. In that period, people were highly preoccupied by witchcraft. It was a controversial topic, as King James himself was interested in the issue. This Zeitgeist given, it seemed like a good way for Shakespeare to start his play in the spirit of three witches making predictions, as it would guarantee the tragedy’s appeal to the general public and the king. We are therefore presented, in Act 1, scene 1, with three witches in a deserted place. They plot to meet Macbeth and make predictions about the future. Some of the representative lines which potentially lie behind the further action are â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair: / Hover through the fog and filthy air,† (Act 1, scene 1). One interpretation of this is the imminent change set to happen in the universe, the transition of the good into bad and the bad into good. The play is set during the battle between the Scottish army and Norway, around the beginning of the eleventh century. Some of the main characters of the play are real. Duncan I was King of Scotland in that period, one of his generals being Macbeth. What actually hapenned in the real world back then is very similar to the storyline. Macbeth killed the king, but eventually got murdered himself by Malcom, who was one of the king’s sons. The elementary difference between the play and history is the personality of the characters. The actual Duncan wasn’t very popular, while Macbeth ruled Scotland well. Initially, the character of Macbeth is introduced as a war hero, well respected by his fellows and as a man of honour, appreciated by the king himself who was at the same time his first cousin, â€Å"O valiant cousin! / Worthy gentleman!† (Act 1, scene 2). As the three witches make predictions about Macbeth’s future, that he will become thane of Cawdor and then king, he is reluctant and can’t believe his ears, challenging the witches’ reason, â€Å"But how of Cawdor? the thane of Cawdor lives / A prosperous gentleman; and to be king / Stands not within the prospect of belief,† (Act 1, scene 3). Despite this, he is interested to find out more, â€Å"Speak, I charge you,† showing that he is prepared to believe in the supernatural and deceive his own knowledge and conscience. After the earliest prophecy becomes true, the thought of murder crosses Macbeth’s mind for the first time, â€Å"If good, why do I yield to that suggestion / Whose horrid image doth unfix my hair, / And make my seated heart knock at my ribs, / Against the use of nature? Present fears / Are less than horrible imaginings: / My thought, whose murder yet is but fantastical, / Shakes so my single state of man that function / Is smothered in surmise, and nothing is / But what is not,† (Act 1, scene 3). Macbeth is scared of his own thoughts and what his conscience might make him do. Trying to escape the horrible situation of making a decision, he thinks that, if it is meant for him to be king, he doesn’t have to do anything himself, â€Å"If chance will have me king, why, chance may crown me, / Without my stir,† (Act 1, scene 3). Struggling with his conscience, Macbeth asks the natural elements to hide his ambitions, â€Å"Stars, hide your fires! / Let not light see my black and deep desires: / The eye wink at the hand; yet let that be / Which the eye fears, when it is done, to see,† (Act 1, scene 4). When lady Macbeth receives a letter from her husband, announcing his new title and the witches’ predictions, her reaction is cold and unexpected, portraying her as a villain of particular dimensions. In the subsequent soliloquy, she somewhat accuses Macbeth of being too good, by the notorious line, â€Å"†¦ yet do I fear thy nature; / It is too full o’th’ milk of human kindness,† (Act 1, scene 5). She then promptly decides to influence Macbeth to commit murder, â€Å"Hie thee thither, / That I may pour my spirits in thine ear,† (Act 1, scene 5) as she believes that what the witches have said is going to become true and is destined for the main character, â€Å"Which fate and metaphysical aid doth seem / To have thee crowned withal,† (Act 1, scene 5). As soon as Macbeth and lady Macbeth meet, she presents him with her ambitious plans. Initially, he’s firm about not willing to go on with the deed of murdering Duncan, â€Å"We will proceed no further in this business,† (Act 1, scene 7) realising that the king has honoured him very recently and it would be a good idea to take advantage of the respect he has earned from many people, rather than ending it so brusquely, â€Å"He hath honoured me of late, and I have bought / Golden opinions from all sorts of people, / Which would be worn now in their newest gloss, / Not cast aside so soon,† (Act 1, scene 7). It is impressive how little it takes for Macbeth to change his opinion. His wife plays the love, promise and manhood cards which prove to be winning, â€Å"Was the hope drunk / Wherein you dressed yourself? [†¦] From this time / Such I account thy love. [†¦] And live a coward in thine own esteem, / Letting â€Å"I dare not† wait upon â€Å"I wo uld†,† (Act 1, scene 7). Eventually, lady Macbeth persuades Macbeth to murder Duncan, â€Å"I am settled,† (Act 1, scene 7). Both the witches and lady Macbeth are extraneous elements from Macbeth’s point of view. He can’t control their existence and influences and, finally, he’s left with himself to decide what to do next. Only a weak mind could be manipulated by the witches and lady Macbeth, and having a weak mind is hardly an acceptable excuse for a respected character like Macbeth. Therefore, I believe it is ultimately his own fault for committing the deed and it was his corrupted mind that lead him from a prosperous gentleman to a horrid criminal.